Nephrourectomy and bladder cuff excision (BCE) is surgery used for patients who have a malignant tumour of the upper urinary tract. The tumours are uncommon, and only account for 5% to 10% of all urothelial malignancies. The majority of upper tract tumours are called transitional-cell carcinoma (TCC). Smoking is known to increase risks of developing TCC in the renal pelvis. A nephrourectomy is an operation to remove the kidney, ureter and small part of the urinary bladder that has been affected been affected by the cancer. The patient requires general anesthesia for this surgery. The technique used for the surgery depends on the disease itself. The surgeon carrying out the procedure will discuss the appropriate approach with the patient. The operation should help to alleviate symptoms and remove the cancer as long as it has not spread.