Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD or PIGD) refers to procedures that are performed on embryos prior to implantation. PGD is considered another way to prenatal diagnosis; its main advantage is that it avoids selective pregnancy termination as the method makes it highly likely that the baby will be free of the disease under consideration. PGD thus is an adjunct to assisted reproductive technology, and requires in vitro fertilization (IVF) to obtain oocytes or embryos for evaluation.